{"id":240641,"date":"2022-06-28T04:11:57","date_gmt":"2022-06-27T20:11:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/?p=240641"},"modified":"2024-04-18T12:57:49","modified_gmt":"2024-04-18T04:57:49","slug":"2018-xinmin-primary-school-xmps-p5-sa2-science-examination-paper-analysis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/2018-xinmin-primary-school-xmps-p5-sa2-science-examination-paper-analysis\/","title":{"rendered":"2018 Xinmin Primary School (XMPS) P5 SA2 Science Examination Paper Analysis"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; background_size=&#8221;initial&#8221; background_position=&#8221;top_left&#8221; background_repeat=&#8221;repeat&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.21.0&#8243; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; z_index_tablet=&#8221;500&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p>Welcome back to our\u00a0<strong>Examination Paper Analysis<\/strong>\u00a0series!<\/p>\n<p>In this article, we will be reviewing the <strong>2018 Xinmin Primary School (XMPS) P5 SA2 Science Examination Paper<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n<h2>What Topics Are Covered In This Paper?<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-240735 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS-Topic-Coverage-1024x337.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"337\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS-Topic-Coverage-1024x337.png 1024w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS-Topic-Coverage-400x132.png 400w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS-Topic-Coverage-150x49.png 150w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS-Topic-Coverage-768x253.png 768w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS-Topic-Coverage-1536x505.png 1536w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS-Topic-Coverage-2048x674.png 2048w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS-Topic-Coverage-1080x355.png 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>As seen from the topics listed above, this paper includes questions from quite an even spread of lower and upper block topics, unlike other school papers that test more questions from the lower block topics instead.<\/p>\n<p>Another interesting aspect of this paper is that the main topic tested is <a href=\"https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/category\/primary-school-science-techniques\/primary-6-science\/energy\/\"><span style=\"color: #f44a4a;\"><strong>Energy<\/strong><\/span><\/a>, which is commonly taught in P6 in various schools. Out of the 28 multiple-choice questions in Booklet A, there are 9 questions on this topic. In Booklet B, almost 25% of the open-ended questions are also on this topic.<\/p>\n<p>\u2733\ufe0f Please note that the topic of <a href=\"https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/category\/primary-school-science-techniques\/primary-6-science\/energy\/\"><span style=\"color: #f44a4a;\"><strong>Energy<\/strong><\/span><\/a> is about explaining energy conversions and is actually different from the topic of <strong>Energy in Food<\/strong> which is about the process of photosynthesis.<\/p>\n<p>As I typically cover P4 &amp; P5 topics in our other examination paper analysis articles, I will be discussing 2 questions on the topic of <a href=\"https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/category\/primary-school-science-techniques\/primary-6-science\/energy\/\"><span style=\"color: #f44a4a;\"><strong>Energy<\/strong><\/span><\/a> instead.<\/p>\n<div class=\"read-also\">\n<h3>Read Also:<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/beginners-psle-science-guide-kinetic-potential-energy\/\">A Beginner\u2019s PSLE Science Guide To Kinetic Energy<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/beginner-guide-elastic-potential-energy\/\">A Beginner\u2019s PSLE Science Guide To Elastic Potential Energy<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/tpl.digital\/p5-p6-sps\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ultimate Science Practice Series: Energy (Practice Questions &amp; Explainer Videos)<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Let&#8217;s Take A Look At Q28<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-240667 aligncenter size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Q28.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"901\" height=\"803\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Q28.png 901w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Q28-337x300.png 337w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Q28-150x134.png 150w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Q28-768x684.png 768w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Q28-634x565.png 634w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 901px) 100vw, 901px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Source: Xinmin Primary School \u2013 2018 P5 SA2 Examination Paper [Q28]<\/em><\/p>\n<p>In this multiple-choice question, it is mentioned that &#8220;Jason placed two cubes of different materials but of the same size on two identical springs. As a result, the springs were compressed as shown below.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>What are the important phrases in this sentence to take note of?<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>&#8220;two cubes of different materials but of the same size&#8221;<br \/><\/strong>Think of a styrofoam block and a metal block of the same size &#8211; would they have the same mass? No, the metal block will be much heavier than the styrofoam block! <strong><strong>Thus, this phrase suggests that the cubes are of different mass.<\/strong><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>&#8220;identical springs&#8221;<br \/><\/strong>This phrase indicates that the springs are of the <strong>same mass and stiffness<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Thought Process<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-240655 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Q28-Picture-1-400x261.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"261\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Q28-Picture-1-400x261.png 400w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Q28-Picture-1-150x98.png 150w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Q28-Picture-1-768x500.png 768w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Q28-Picture-1-867x565.png 867w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Q28-Picture-1.png 895w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>As seen from the diagram above, the spring with Cube A on it (Spring A) is longer than the spring with Cube B on it (Spring B) after the cubes were placed on them. This suggests that Spring A is <strong>less compressed<\/strong> than Spring B. Based on this observation, what can you conclude about the mass of Cube A? We will be able to conclude that Cube A is <strong>lighter<\/strong> than Cube B.<\/p>\n<p><em>Imagine a baby and a sumo wrestler sitting on a bed. Who would cause the bed to depress more? The answer is the sumo wrestler! The sumo wrestler is much heavier than the baby which would cause the bed to depress more as compared to the baby.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Let&#8217;s discuss the type of energy that the springs and cubes in this question possess when the springs are stretched or compressed.<\/p>\n<p>Since both springs are compressed, they possess <a href=\"https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/beginner-guide-elastic-potential-energy\/\"><strong>elastic potential energy (EPE)<\/strong><\/a>. Are you able to recall the 2 factors that affect the amount of EPE a spring possesses?<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>The extent to which (how much) the spring is stretched or compressed.<\/li>\n<li>The stiffness of the spring.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>The question states that both springs are identical which means that both springs have the same stiffness. Thus, since Spring A is compressed less than Spring B, Spring A possesses less EPE as compared to Spring B.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color: #f44a4a;\"><strong>Food for Thought:<\/strong> <\/span>Do the cubes possess EPE?<\/p>\n<p>If your answer is no, you are absolutely correct! The cubes do not possess EPE as they are not stretched or compressed in any way.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>What is another type of energy that the springs and cubes possess? Are you thinking of <a href=\"https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/beginner-guide-gravitational-potential-energy\/\"><strong>gravitational potential energy (GPE)<\/strong><\/a>? Let&#8217;s recall the 2 factors that affect the amount of GPE together!<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Mass of the object<br \/><\/strong>The greater the mass of the object, the greater the amount of gravitational potential energy possessed by the object.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Height of the object from the ground<br \/><\/strong>The greater the height of the object from the ground, the greater the amount of gravitational potential energy possessed by the object.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Let&#8217;s take a look at the cubes first. In order for an object to possess GPE, the object must be at a height above the ground. Since both cubes are at a height above the ground, both cubes possess GPE.<\/p>\n<p>Based on the diagram given, are we able to compare the amount of GPE possessed by each cube?<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-240655 aligncenter size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Q28-Picture-1-400x261.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"261\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Q28-Picture-1-400x261.png 400w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Q28-Picture-1-150x98.png 150w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Q28-Picture-1-768x500.png 768w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Q28-Picture-1-867x565.png 867w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Q28-Picture-1.png 895w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The answer is no! As we&#8217;ve determined earlier, Cube A is lighter (Spring A is compressed less), however, it is at a greater height above the ground. On the other hand, Cube B is heavier (Spring B is compressed more) but is at a lower height above the ground. Since there are 2 changed variables, we will not be able to compare the amount of GPE possessed by both cubes.<\/p>\n<p>What about the amount of GPE possessed by both springs? Many students may respond with:<\/p>\n<p><em>\u201cFrom the diagram, we can see that Spring A is compressed less, which means that Spring A is longer (taller) than Spring B and would possess more GPE.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p>This is actually a misconception! When we are considering the &#8220;height of the object above the ground&#8221;, we are measuring the gap between the bottom of the object to the ground and <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">NOT<\/span> measuring the height of the object itself.<\/p>\n<p>Here&#8217;s another diagram to explain this:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-240798 alignnone \" src=\"https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/GPE-Stage-1024x750.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"900\" height=\"659\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/GPE-Stage-1024x750.png 1024w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/GPE-Stage-400x293.png 400w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/GPE-Stage-150x110.png 150w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/GPE-Stage-768x563.png 768w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/GPE-Stage-1536x1125.png 1536w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/GPE-Stage-2048x1500.png 2048w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/GPE-Stage-1080x791.png 1080w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/GPE-Stage-771x565.png 771w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Both the boy and the girl are standing on a stage. Although the boy is taller than the girl (as indicated by the <span style=\"color: #7e97ca;\"><strong>blue<\/strong><\/span> arrows), they are both still standing on the stage. Thus, both the boy and the girl are at the same height above the ground (as indicated by the <span style=\"color: #f44a4a;\"><strong>red<\/strong><\/span> arrows).<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-240734 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS_Q28-400x246.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"246\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS_Q28-400x246.png 400w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS_Q28-150x92.png 150w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS_Q28-768x473.png 768w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS_Q28-918x565.png 918w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS_Q28.png 947w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>With reference to this example, although Spring A is longer (taller) than Spring B, both springs are still at the same height above the ground (as illustrated by the red arrows in the diagram below) and possess the same amount of gravitational potential energy.<\/p>\n<p>Let&#8217;s take a look at the options to answer the question:<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-240668 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Q28-Picture-2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"901\" height=\"346\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Q28-Picture-2.png 901w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Q28-Picture-2-400x154.png 400w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Q28-Picture-2-150x58.png 150w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Q28-Picture-2-768x295.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 901px) 100vw, 901px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>Option 1: Cube A is heavier than Cube B<\/h3>\n<p>From the diagram given, we can see that Spring A is less compressed than Spring B, which suggests that Cube A is <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">lighter<\/span> than Cube B.<\/p>\n<p>Thus,<strong> Option (1)<\/strong> is <span style=\"color: #f44a4a;\"><strong>incorrect<\/strong><\/span>.<\/p>\n<h3>Option 2: the compressed spring with Cube A has less elastic potential energy than the compressed spring with Cube B<\/h3>\n<p>As mentioned earlier, EPE possessed by the spring depends on:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>The extent to which (how much) the spring is stretched or compressed.<\/li>\n<li>The stiffness of the spring.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Since the question mentions that both springs are identical, this means that both springs have the same stiffness. As Spring A is compressed less, Spring A possesses less EPE than Spring B.<\/p>\n<p>Thus,<strong> Option (2)<\/strong> is <span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>correct<\/strong><\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>Let&#8217;s review the remaining options to be sure of our answer and understand why they are incorrect.<\/p>\n<h3>Option 3: the compressed spring with Cube A has less gravitational potential energy than the compressed spring with Cube B<\/h3>\n<p>This option is commonly chosen by students who have the misconception that a longer (taller) spring will possess more GPE because it is at a greater height above the ground. As explained earlier, both springs actually possess the same amount of GPE as both springs are the same height above the ground.<\/p>\n<p>Thus, <strong>Option (3)<\/strong> is <span style=\"color: #f44a4a;\"><strong>incorrect<\/strong><\/span>.<\/p>\n<h3>Option 4: the elastic potential energy in the compressed spring with Cube A will be converted to more kinetic energy than the compressed spring with Cube B<\/h3>\n<p>As Spring A is compressed <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">less<\/span> than Spring B and possesses <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">less<\/span> EPE, this means that <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">less<\/span> EPE of Spring A will be converted to <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">less<\/span> kinetic energy (KE) of Cube A when Spring A is released as compared to Cube B.<\/p>\n<p>Thus, <strong>Option (4)<\/strong> is <span style=\"color: #f44a4a;\"><strong>incorrect<\/strong><\/span>.<\/p>\n<h2>Answer for Q28<\/h2>\n<p>The correct answer to this question is <strong>Option (2)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h2>Let&#8217;s Take A Look At Q40b<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-240671 aligncenter size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Q40b.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"903\" height=\"849\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Q40b.png 903w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Q40b-319x300.png 319w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Q40b-150x141.png 150w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Q40b-768x722.png 768w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Q40b-601x565.png 601w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Q40b-24x24.png 24w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 903px) 100vw, 903px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Source: Xinmin Primary School \u2013 2018 P5 SA2 Examination Paper [Q40b]<\/em><\/p>\n<p>This question is about a pinball game. You may have played virtual pinball computer games before, but do you know how the actual pinball game works in real life?<\/p>\n<p>The aim of the pinball game is to propel the ball into the play area and obtain as many points as possible by letting the ball hit the obstacles in the play area and at the same time, preventing the ball from falling between the flippers and out of the play area.<\/p>\n<p>In order to propel the ball into the play area, the handle is pulled back and released. As seen in the diagram, pulling the handle downwards will cause the spring attached to it to be compressed, which will help to propel the ball upwards into the play area.<\/p>\n<h2>Thought Process<\/h2>\n<p>Now that we understand how the game works, let&#8217;s discuss the <a href=\"https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/the-ultimate-guide-to-energy-conversions\/\"><strong>energy conversions<\/strong><\/a> involved in the pinball game.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-240736 \" src=\"https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS_Q40.1-328x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"520\" height=\"476\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS_Q40.1-328x300.png 328w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS_Q40.1-1024x937.png 1024w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS_Q40.1-150x137.png 150w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS_Q40.1-768x703.png 768w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS_Q40.1-1080x989.png 1080w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS_Q40.1-617x565.png 617w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS_Q40.1.png 1217w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>I&#8217;ve labelled the diagram with Points 1 to 6 in order for us to identify the energy conversions that take place during the different parts of the game.<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #f44a4a;\">Point 1<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>When the handle is pulled back, the spring will be compressed and will possess elastic potential energy (EPE).<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #f44a4a;\">Point 2<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>When the handle is released, the EPE of the spring will be converted to kinetic energy (KE), allowing the spring to return to its original shape.<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #f44a4a;\">Point 3<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>As the KE of the spring is transferred to the KE. of the ball, the ball will be propelled upwards into the play area.<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #f44a4a;\">Point 4<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Since the ball is moving upwards, the KE of the ball will be converted to gravitational potential energy (GPE).<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #f44a4a;\">Point 5<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>As the ball continues to move downwards in the play area, the GPE of the ball will be converted to KE.<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #f44a4a;\">Point 6<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>As the ball hits the obstacles in the play area, the KE of the ball will be converted to heat energy (HE) and sound energy (SE) due to friction between the surfaces of the ball and the obstacles in the play area.<\/p>\n<p>By combining these together, we have worked out the energy conversions involved in the pinball game.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-240793 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS_Q40-2-1024x170.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"170\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS_Q40-2-1024x170.png 1024w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS_Q40-2-400x67.png 400w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS_Q40-2-150x25.png 150w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS_Q40-2-768x128.png 768w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS_Q40-2-1536x256.png 1536w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS_Q40-2-1080x180.png 1080w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS_Q40-2.png 1880w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Let&#8217;s take a look at the question again:<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-240675 aligncenter size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Q40b-Picture-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"903\" height=\"93\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Q40b-Picture-1.png 903w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Q40b-Picture-1-400x41.png 400w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Q40b-Picture-1-150x15.png 150w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Q40b-Picture-1-768x79.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 903px) 100vw, 903px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>In order for the ball to hit the bell at Position X, which is higher, the ball will need to travel to a\u00a0<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">greater<\/span> height. Are you able to recall the type of energy that is affected by the height of the object above the ground? If your answer is GPE, you are correct!<\/p>\n<p>For the ball to travel to a greater height, the ball will need to possess more GPE.<\/p>\n<p>By using the energy conversion diagram, the spring will need to possess more EPE from the start <strong>(Point 1) <\/strong>in order for the ball to possess more GPE <strong>(Point 4) <\/strong>to reach a greater height.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-240794 aligncenter size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS_Q40-3-1024x211.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"211\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS_Q40-3-1024x211.png 1024w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS_Q40-3-400x82.png 400w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS_Q40-3-150x31.png 150w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS_Q40-3-768x158.png 768w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS_Q40-3-1536x316.png 1536w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS_Q40-3-1080x222.png 1080w, https:\/\/thepiquelab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/18P5SA2_XMPS_Q40-3.png 1880w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>As mentioned earlier in this article, here are the 2 factors that affect the amount of EPE in the spring:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>The extent to which (how much) the spring is stretched or compressed.<\/li>\n<li>The stiffness of the spring.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>In order for the spring to possess more EPE, the spring will either need to be compressed more\u00a0<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">OR<\/span> be less stiff. Since the spring was not changed in the pinball machine, the stiffness of the spring will remain the same. Thus, in order for the spring to possess more EPE, the spring will need to be compressed more.<\/p>\n<p>We will need to pull the handle harder in order to compress the spring more. However, as you may have realised, no matter how hard the handle is pulled, there is a limit to how much the spring can be compressed. Thus, there will be a limit to the amount of EPE the spring can possess.<\/p>\n<h2>Suggested Answer<\/h2>\n<p>When the handle was pulled to compress the spring fully, the spring was still not able to possess enough elastic energy. Thus, the amount of elastic potential energy that was converted into kinetic energy of the spring was insufficient before being transferred to the ball. Finally, the ball did not possess enough kinetic energy to be converted to gravitational potential energy, preventing the ball from reaching the bell at Position X.<\/p>\n<h2>In Conclusion<\/h2>\n<p>I hope that you have enjoyed reading this article and that you&#8217;ve learnt to:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Identify the important keywords\/keyphrases in the question.<\/li>\n<li>Understand that the size of the object does not always relate to its mass.<\/li>\n<li>Understand that \u201cthe height of the object\u201d is different from \u201cthe height of the object from the ground\u201d.<\/li>\n<li>Explain how the pinball game works in real life using energy conversion.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>We have come to the end of the examination paper analysis of <strong>2018 Xinmin Primary School (XMPS) P5 SA2 Science Examination Paper<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Stay tuned for more exam paper analysis coming your way! \ud83d\ude0a<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_code admin_label=&#8221;Practice Problem&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.20.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<html><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  <head><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <title>Quiz about energy<\/title><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <script type=\"application\/ld+json\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\/\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Quiz\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"name\": \"Quiz about energy\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"hasPart\": [<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->        {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"typicalAgeRange\": \"9-12\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"educationalAlignment\": [<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"@type\": \"AlignmentObject\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"alignmentType\": \"educationalSubject\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"targetName\": \"Primary Science\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            },<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"@type\": \"AlignmentObject\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"alignmentType\": \"educationalLevel\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"targetName\": \"Primary School Science\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          ],<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"about\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            \"@type\": \"Thing\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            \"name\": \"Energy\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          },<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"eduQuestionType\": \"Multiple choice\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"learningResourceType\": \"Practice problem\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"name\": \"Statement about energy\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"text\": \"Which statement about energy is true?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"suggestedAnswer\": [<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"position\": 0,<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"text\": \"Energy can be destroyed completely.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            },<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"position\": 1,<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"text\": \"Energy can be created from nothing.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            },<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"position\": 2,<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"text\": \"Energy can only be converted from one form to another.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            },<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"position\": 3,<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"text\": \"Energy is used up when performing work.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          ],<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            \"position\": 2,<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            \"text\": \"Energy can only be converted from one form to another.\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            \"answerExplanation\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"@type\": \"Comment\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"text\": \"According to the law of conservation of energy, energy cannot be created or destroyed. It can only be converted from one form to another.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->        },<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->        {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"typicalAgeRange\": \"9-12\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"educationalAlignment\": [<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"@type\": \"AlignmentObject\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"alignmentType\": \"educationalSubject\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"targetName\": \"Primary Science\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            },<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"@type\": \"AlignmentObject\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"alignmentType\": \"educationalLevel\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"targetName\": \"Primary School Science\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          ],<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"about\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            \"@type\": \"Thing\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            \"name\": \"Chemical potential energy\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          },<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"eduQuestionType\": \"Multiple choice\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"learningResourceType\": \"Practice problem\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"name\": \"Source of chemical potential energy\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"text\": \"What is not a source of chemical potential energy?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"suggestedAnswer\": [<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"position\": 0,<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"text\": \"Fuels\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            },<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"position\": 1,<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"text\": \"Sound\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            },<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"position\": 2,<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"text\": \"Food\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            },<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"position\": 3,<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"text\": \"Batteries\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          ],<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            \"position\": 1,<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            \"text\": \"Sound\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            \"answerExplanation\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"@type\": \"Comment\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"text\": \"Sound is a form of mechanical energy and not a source of chemical potential energy.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->        },<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->        {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"typicalAgeRange\": \"9-12\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"educationalAlignment\": [<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"@type\": \"AlignmentObject\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"alignmentType\": \"educationalSubject\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"targetName\": \"Primary Science\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            },<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"@type\": \"AlignmentObject\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"alignmentType\": \"educationalLevel\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"targetName\": \"Primary School Science\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          ],<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"about\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            \"@type\": \"Thing\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            \"name\": \"Kinetic energy\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          },<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"eduQuestionType\": \"Multiple choice\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"learningResourceType\": \"Practice problem\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"name\": \"Highest kinetic energy\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"text\": \"Which of the following objects has the highest kinetic energy?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"suggestedAnswer\": [<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"position\": 0,<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"text\": \"A moving car\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            },<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"position\": 1,<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"text\": \"A rolling ball\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            },<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"position\": 2,<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"text\": \"A book resting on the bookshelf\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            },<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"position\": 3,<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"text\": \"A painting hung on the wall\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          ],<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            \"position\": 0,<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            \"text\": \"A moving car\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            \"answerExplanation\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"@type\": \"Comment\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"text\": \"Objects only possess kinetic energy when they are moving, and the amount of kinetic energy depends on their mass and speed. A moving car has greater speed and mass compared to a rolling ball, book resting on the bookshelf, and a painting hung on the wall.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->        },<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->        {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"typicalAgeRange\": \"9-12\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"educationalAlignment\": [<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"@type\": \"AlignmentObject\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"alignmentType\": \"educationalSubject\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"targetName\": \"Primary Science\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            },<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"@type\": \"AlignmentObject\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"alignmentType\": \"educationalLevel\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"targetName\": \"Primary School Science\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          ],<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"about\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            \"@type\": \"Thing\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            \"name\": \"Forms of energy\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          },<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"eduQuestionType\": \"Multiple choice\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"learningResourceType\": \"Practice problem\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"name\": \"Type\/form of energy\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"text\": \"Which of the following is a type\/form of energy?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"suggestedAnswer\": [<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"position\": 0,<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"text\": \"Fuel\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            },<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"position\": 1,<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"text\": \"Twisted rubber band\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            },<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"position\": 2,<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"text\": \"Raised hand\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            },<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"position\": 3,<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"text\": \"Gravitational potential energy\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          ],<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            \"position\": 3,<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            \"text\": \"Gravitational potential energy\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            \"answerExplanation\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"@type\": \"Comment\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"text\": \"Fuel, twisted rubber band, and raised hand are sources of energy, whereas gravitational potential energy is a specific type\/form of energy.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->        },<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->        {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"typicalAgeRange\": \"9-12\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->          \"educationalAlignment\": [<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"@type\": \"AlignmentObject\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"alignmentType\": \"educationalSubject\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"targetName\": \"Primary Science\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            },<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"@type\": \"AlignmentObject\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"alignmentType\": \"educationalLevel\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"targetName\": \"Primary School Science\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->     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\"Electrical energy to chemical potential energy\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            },<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"position\": 1,<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"text\": \"Electrical energy to kinetic energy\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            },<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"position\": 2,<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"text\": \"Chemical potential energy to electrical energy\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            },<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->            {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"position\": 3,<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->              \"text\": 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